Ukuguqula ezethu izithuthi kwaqala ngokuyintsholongwane ukusukela oko kwayilwa isithuthi sokuqala. Sonke sihlala sifuna into yokwenza ukuba izithuthi zethu zibe zizodwa kwaye zikhangeleke endleleni. Njengoko imveliso enye akwanelanga ukuba ilungele zonke iimfuno, Max Racing Exhaust Ibonelela ngoluhlu olukhulu lweemveliso ezikuvumela ukuba ukonwabele ukuthanda ukuguqula kunye nokwenza ngokwezifiso izithuthi zakho.
Inkqubo yokukhupha yenzelwe ukunciphisa ungcoliseko lwamaza omsindo kunye nokulawula izinga lokukhutshwa kwe-injini yokutshisa yangaphakathi (ICE). Kukho uphando oluninzi kunye nophuhliso olwenziwe kwikota yokunyusa ukusebenza kwe-injini ngalo lonke ixesha, kubandakanywa nathi. Nangona inkqubo yokukhupha ifuna uyilo oluntsonkothileyo kwisicelo ngasinye esahlukileyo, izinto ezisisiseko azize zitshintshe: ukufunxa iigesi ezivuthayo kwivalve yokukhupha, ukuyikhulula kwi-atmosfera ukuqinisekisa ukuba umjikelo wokutsha uqhuba kakuhle. Utshintsho oluphambili olutshintshayo ngokuxhomekeke kwizicelo ubude bombhobho, ububanzi, i-radius of bends, umthamo we-muffler kunye noyilo lwangaphakathi lwe-baffle luchaphazela ukusebenza.
Ukukhetha i-exhaust efanelekileyo kunokudida kwaye kudle ixesha. Nangona uninzi lwabasebenzisi lukhetha inkqubo yokukhupha esekelwe kwisandi kuphela kunye nenkangeleko, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukufikelela kowona msebenzi uphezulu, imilinganiselo elungileyo yombhobho kufuneka ihambelane nendibaniselwano ye-injini, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu luluhlu lwe-rpm lwamandla athile ehashe. . Ke ngoko, ukuba ukwintsebenzo, thina, Max Racing Exhaust balapha ukukubonelela ngesisombululo sokuqonda okusisiseko kwe-exhaust kunye nokukhetha okufanelekileyo ukuhambelana nenkqubo yokukhupha isithuthi sakho esilandelayo.
Ukuze usebenze ngokugqibeleleyo, ukucwangciswa kwenkqubo yokukhupha kufuneka ihambelane ne-injini yokufakwa kwe-injini, ubungakanani be-cylinder kunye nexesha le-camshaft. La macandelo kufuneka adityaniswe kunye njengenkqubo ehlanganisiweyo yowona msebenzi ubalaseleyo phakathi koluhlu oluthile lwe-rpm. Ukuba icandelo elinye litshintshiwe, lonke iqela lamacandelo kufuneka libuyiselwe ukulinganisela ukusebenza okuphezulu.
Inkqubo yokukhupha eyongeziweyo ifezekisa ibhalansi yoxinzelelo phakathi kokungena kwe-injini kunye neendawo zokukhupha ngaphakathi koluhlu lwe-rpm olunikiweyo. Umzekelo we umdyarho wesitalato, ukuba ufuna itorque ephuculweyo kwindawo esezantsi kunye nephakathi (2,500-4,500 rpm) ukukhawulezisa okugqwesileyo kunye nokuhamba ngohola wendlela kunye namandla afanelekileyo kwisiphelo esiphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, yonke idizayini yombhobho i-compromise. Umzekelo, ukuba umbhobho wenzelwe kuphela i-torque esezantsi, uya kunika amandla amahashe aphezulu kwaye ngokuphambeneyo. okwangoku, kuba mabala, ii-injini zamandla amakhulu ahamba ngehashe zihlala ziyila umbhobho kumandla aphezulu kwaye ziya kuthoba i-torque ephantsi, ngoko ke isithuthi siya kuqaliswa lula, okubangelwa ukukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza. Isixokelelwano sombhobho sisebenza kuphela kuluhlu olumxinwa lwebhendi ye-rpm ye-injini yonke, ngoko ke izinto eziphambili kufuneka zimiselwe kwaye kuthotyelwe ukwenziwa ukuphumeza iimpawu zokusebenza ezinqwenelekayo. Awona macandelo enkqubo yokukhupha amandla abandakanya intloko ephumayo/indlela ezininzi, isiguquli esinamandla, i-resonator yokukhupha, kunye ne-exhaust muffler. Idayamitha, ubude kunye nokucwangciswa koyilo jikelele kula macandelo kuya kuba nefuthe elikhulu kwi-injini.
I-Exhaust Pipe Diameter
Idayamitha yombhobho yenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwesithuthi kuba ubukhulu bayo bumisela umthamo womthamo wokuqukuqela kuwo onempembelelo enkulu kwisantya segesi yokuphuma. Kunye, ukususwa kwe-injini, umlinganiselo woxinzelelo, idiameter yevalvu, iinkcukacha zecamshaft kunye nebhendi ye-rpm imisela elona dayamitha ilungileyo. Ukukhupha i-backpressure kuya kwanda ukuba ububanzi bombhobho buncinci kakhulu. Ukunyanzeliswa kwe-backpressure kukumelana nokuhamba okudalwe kwinkqubo yokukhupha. Uxinzelelo lwangasemva oluphezulu lunyusa ilahleko yokumpompa injini, okukhokelela kuxinzelelo olwandisiweyo kwipiston ngexesha lomjikelo wokukhupha.
Ukongezelela, i-backpressure ephezulu inciphisa ukuhamba kwe-low-lift exhaust flow ngexesha "lokuvuthela". I-Blowdown yinto yokwandisa igesi yokukhupha inceda ukukhupha intsalela yokutsha kwi-cylinder kwaye iqala xa ivalve yokukhupha ivula. I-Blowdown ibhekiselele kwindlela intsalela yokutsha ekhutshwa ngokufanelekileyo kwi-cylinder ngokwandisa iigesi zokukhupha. I-Blowdown iqala xa i-valve yokukhupha ivula kwaye iphele xa uxinzelelo lwe-cylinder kunye noxinzelelo lwenkqubo yokukhupha lulingana. Ukusebenzisa i-blowdown ukunceda ukususa iigesi eziphumayo kunciphisa ilahleko yokumpompa i-injini kuba iimfuno zomzimba ezincinci zibekwe kwipiston ngexesha lomjikelo wokukhupha. Imeko efanelekileyo kukuba ube nokulinganisela phakathi kwe-backpressure kunye ne-exhaust gas velocity. Idayamitha yombhobho omkhulu ngokugqithisileyo iya kunciphisa uxinzelelo lwangasemva kodwa iphinde yehlise isantya, nto leyo ekhokelela kwitorque esezantsi-ekupheleni.
Ukukhupha Ubude bePipe
Ubude bombhobho bumiselwa kwisicelo se-injini (ukhenketho, isitalato esishushu, ugqatso, njalo njalo) kunye noluhlu lwe-rpm. Ubude bombhobho bulawula inertia kunye nohlengahlengiso lwamaza, nto leyo emisela impembelelo yokurhabula ekuveliseni amandla. Ukucoca kusebenzisa ikholamu yeegesi zokukhupha ezihamba ngokukhawuleza (i-inertia scavenging) okanye i-supersonic energy pulse (i-wave scavenging) ukunceda ukucoca intsalela yokutsha kwi-cylinder. I-inertia kunye nokugxothwa kwamaza nako kunokuncedisa intlawulo yokuthatha kwi-cylinder. Ngethuba lokusebenza kwe-injini, amaza amahle kunye namaza angalunganga adalwe kwinkqubo yokukhupha kwaye abuyele emva naphambili kulo lonke ubude bombhobho. Ukuba ubude bombhobho buphuculwe, i-wave ye-negative iya kumiselwa ixesha lokufika kwivalve yokukhupha ngexesha levalve edibanayo. I-wave ye-negative enexesha elifanelekileyo iya kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwivalve kwaye incede ukukhupha iigesi ezivuthayo ezivela kwigumbi. Elona bhanti ye-injini ibaluleke kakhulu ye-rpm kufuneka ichongwe ukuze ubude bombhobho bungqinelane ne-rpm eyiyo kuba amaza oxinzelelo anokubekwa ixesha kuphela ukunceda ukukhupha i-scaven kuluhlu olumxinwa lwe-rpm. Ubude bombhobho omde bukhulisa amandla kwi-rpm ephantsi ngelixa ubude obufutshane buphucula ukusebenza kwesiphelo esiphezulu.
I-Exhaust Muffler
Isixokelelwano sokukhupha umoya kufuneka sibe nomthamo owaneleyo we-muffler ukugcina i-backpressure isezantsi kwi-rpm ephezulu. Ukufuduswa kwe-injini, umlinganiselo woxinzelelo, i-rpm, kunye namandla ehashe zizo zonke izinto ezimisela umthamo owaneleyo we-muffler. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umthamo we-muffler kufuneka ube malunga namaxesha ali-10 umthamo we-cylinder ukwenza amandla aneleyo e-rpm ephezulu. Kodwa khumbula ukuba njengoko amandla eehashe esanda, umthamo wegesi wokukhupha nawo uyanda. Ngokunyuka komthamo wegesi yokukhupha, ukuhamba komoya kwe-muffler, kunye nevolumu kufuneka kwandiswe. Oko kuthetha ukuba i-injini ye-96ci evelisa amandla angama-100 ivelisa igesi yokukhupha ngaphezulu kune-injini efanayo evelisa amandla angama-90 kuphela kwaye ifuna umthamo omkhulu we-muffler ukuze uphuculwe amandla aphezulu. Ngelishwa, iimufflers ezinkulu azikho buhle kwi-injini ye-V8, ngoko kulucelomngeni ukuyila inkqubo yokukhupha ii-injini zokufuduka ezinkulu ezanelisa zombini ubuhle kunye nokusebenza.
Iinkqubo zokukhupha ezimbini ukuya kwezimbini zisebenzisa ii-mufflers ezimbini zokukhupha, zinika amandla okunyusa umthamo we-muffler. Uyilo olunjalo luhlala luqhutywa ngokuguqulwa kweebhaffle zangaphakathi. Ukwandisa inani kunye / okanye ubungakanani bemingxuma kwi-baffle okanye ukunciphisa i-baffles kunciphisa i-backpressure kwaye kunokunceda amandla aphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, khumbula ukuba ukunyuka kokuhamba kakhulu kunokubulala i-torque esezantsi. Ukongeza, inkqubo ye-2-into-1 enokutyibilika ibonelela ngenzuzo enkulu ngaphezulu kwenkqubo yoqokeleli engasetyenziswayo, ngakumbi ukuba umthamo we-injini mkhulu.
izigqibo
Nangona uninzi lwabaqhubi luthenga inkqubo yokukhupha esekelwe kwisandi kunye nenkangeleko enomtsalane, khumbula ukuba ukusebenza kakuhle, ububanzi bombhobho, ubude kunye noyilo lubalulekile. Qwalasela isixokelelwano sokukhupha i-injini yecandelo elidityanisiweyo ekufuneka lilungelelaniselwe ukufuduswa kwe-injini, ikhamera kunye nenkqubo yokungenisa. Umbhobho wokukhupha idiameter ngokuqhelekileyo yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kuyilo lwenkqubo yokukhupha kuba ibeka ijiko letorque. I-diameter enkulu iphucula amandla aphezulu-phezulu ngeendleko ze-torque ephantsi. Ukutshintsha ubude bombhobho kuhambisa ijiko letorque nokuba phezulu okanye ezantsi kwibhendi ye-rpm. Ubude obufutshane ngokuqhelekileyo buphucula amandla aphezulu ehashe ngelixa umbhobho omde usonyusa itorque esezantsi. Imibhobho ethe ngqo iphucula amandla ngaphezulu kwe-4,000 rpm kodwa inciphisa impendulo ye-throttle kuluhlu olusezantsi lwe-rpm. Ekugqibeleni, ukuba icandelo eliphambili okanye inkcazo efana nokufuduka, ikhamera, i-induction tract okanye igumbi lokutsha litshintshile, injini inokufuna idizayini yombhobho eyahlukileyo kwaye kufuneka ibuyiselwe ukusebenza kakuhle.